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A Differentiated Approach to the Use of Specialized Knowledge in the Investigation of Crimes Related to the Activities of Financial Pyramids

https://doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2026.140.4.134-141

Abstract

Artificial intelligence is applied in many spheres of life. This paper examines modern "financial pyramids" as a form of criminal activity that negatively impacts trust in financial institutions and the economic security of the state. Using statistics from the Bank of Russia (including data for 2024–2025), the scale of pyramid scheme distribution is analyzed: it was found that 98.8% of such projects in 2025 operated online, and the share using cryptocurrency increased from 77 % to 84 %. Two forensic models of their functioning are identified: "website conveyor" — short-term anonymous projects with minimal infrastructure; "large imitator projects" — long-term schemes simulating legitimate businesses and possessing a complex structure. The paper demonstrates the potential of AI application in areas of expert research where direct perception of the object is difficult or impossible, and also leads to increased reliability of conclusions. Examples of the use of AI results for selecting samples for comparative research, as input data for forensic examination, and as a means (method, instrument) for conducting research are given.

About the Author

A. V. Otogochev
Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)
Russian Federation

Aleksandr V. OTOGOCHEV, Economic Advisor, Office for the Prevention of Unfair Practices,  Non-Bank Lending Department

12/B, ul. Neglinnaya, Moscow, 107016



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For citations:


Otogochev A.V. A Differentiated Approach to the Use of Specialized Knowledge in the Investigation of Crimes Related to the Activities of Financial Pyramids. Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)). 2026;(4):134-141. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2026.140.4.134-141

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ISSN 2311-5998 (Print)
ISSN 2782-6163 (Online)