Structural Features of Single-Component Terms of International Humanitarian Law in English and Russian

The terminology of international humanitarian law has not been sufficiently studied from the point of view of comparative terminology studies, therefore it is necessary to supplement the information on its composition, existing patterns and directions of its development in modern conditions. The article presents the results of the study of structural (morphological and word-formation) features of single-component English and Russian terms of international humanitarian law, which is part of a large scientific work devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the terminology of this legal branch. The authors collected and studied language material in the amount of 1233 English and 1131 Russian terms. In the list of English special units, single-component terms are presented in the amount of 434 units, which is 34.33 % of the total number of English terms. The list of Russian single-component terms includes 247 units, which is 20.96 % of the total number of Russian units. The findings demonstrate that the formation of single-component legal terms primarily include conversion, morphological and semantic derivation, morpho-syntactic methods, and the meaning of specialization. As a result of studying the morphemic structure of English single-component terms, it was concluded that simple (non-derivative) terms make up 42 % of this list, affixal terms — 45 %, and complex terms — 13 %. The results of the analysis of Russian single-component terms show that simple (non-derivative) terms make up 78 % of this list, affixal terms — 12 %, and complex terms — 10 %.

1. Гринев-Гриневич С. В. Терминоведение: учеб. пособие для студ. высш: учеб. заведений. — М.: Академия, 2008. — 304 с.

2. Гринев-Гриневич С. В., Сорокина Э. А. Особенности развития терминоведения в начале XXI века // Лингвистика и образование. — 2021. — Т. 1. — № 1. — DOI 10.17021/2021.1.1.49.70.

3. Гринев-Гриневич С. В., Сорокина Э. А., Молчанова М. А. Еще раз к вопросу об определении термина // Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. — Серия: Теория языка. Семиотика. Семантика. — 2022. — Т. 13. — № 3. — URL: https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2022-13-3-710-729.

4. Жафар К. С., Мохаммад А. А., Исса А. Х., Панов А. В. Автоматизация поиска юридической информации на арабском языке: подход к поиску документов // Russ. Technol. J. — 2024. — № 12 (5). — P. 7—16. — URL: https://doi.org/10.32362/2500-316X-2024-12-5-7-16.

5. Лейчик В. М. Терминоведение: предмет, методы, структура. — 2-е изд., испр. и доп. — М.: КомКнига, 2006. — 256 с.

6. Нелюбин Л. Л. Очерки по введению в языкознание: учебник. — М.: МГОУ, 2007. — 199 с.

7. Смирницкий А. И. Лексикология английского языка. — М.: Изд-во литературы на иностранных языках, 1956. — 260 с.

8. Kumar K., Parameswaran R. Bibliometric analysis of holographic data storage literature // Russ. Technol. J. — 2023. — № 11 (2). — P. 20—32. — URL: https://doi.org/10.32362/2500-316X-2023-11-2-20-32.