The philosophical and legal analysis of sovereignty, appealing to the categories and laws of dialectics, is able to scientifically substantiate a balance between national self-determination and the need for international cooperation and contribute not only to the theoretical understanding of this phenomenon, but also to the development of practical recommendations for resolving current problems of modern states in the objective demands of the time. From the standpoint of the dialectical method of cognition of the phenomenon of state sovereignty, conclusions are substantiated about its attributability to the state; about the possession of unity and opposition — independence and autonomy (absolute power and control over affairs without external interference) and external threats that cause the struggle to preserve and protect sovereignty, as well as the search for compromises with other states; about the transition of quantitative changes in sovereignty into qualitative ones — territorial, national, confessional and other quantitative accumulations within sovereignty form its new qualities and essence; on the incompleteness of understanding sovereignty without understanding the role of the law of negation of negation for understanding its evolution — each new form of sovereignty not only cancels the previous one, but also includes it in itself, enriching and modifying it. Thus, the imposition of certain conditions and restrictions on the state as a result of pressure leads to a violation of its sovereignty (first negation), however, in response to these restrictions and threats, the state takes measures to restore its independence and autonomy through elections, impeachment, denunciation of international treaties, strengthening defense capability and other possible means (second negation). Understanding the moments of sovereignty passing through the stages of its negation allows us to see the legal, social, cultural, economic and other aspects that affect sovereignty, its formation and development.